Literature Review

American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Next Gen Scholars for Equity in Hospice and Palliative Medicine Program receives grant from Adtalem Global Education Foundation PR Newswire, Chicago, IL; by American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine (AAHPM); 12/30/24 The American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine (AAHPM) is grateful to receive support from the Adtalem Global Education Foundation for the Next Gen Scholars for Equity in Hospice and Palliative Medicine. The Foundation supports programs and partners like AAHPM that strengthen the healthcare workforce, expand access to quality education and address healthcare disparities. The Foundation's sole member is Adtalem Global Education, the number one provider of healthcare education in the U.S. In May 2023, led by the Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Committee, AAHPM launched the inaugural Next Gen Scholars for Equity in Hospice and Palliative Medicine Program. This program was initiated as a response to the growing demand for HPM practitioners and the need to increase representation in the field. 

Muslim community-engaged research highlights Muslim Americans' end-of-life-healthcare gaps and needs WisconsinMuslimJournal.org; by Sandra Whitehead; 12/20/24 Few Muslim Americans use hospice care, despite its posited benefits. A multi-sectoral team of academicians and community leaders in southeastern Wisconsin decided to find out why. ... Muslims are one of the fastest-growing religious communities in the United States, numbering between 3 to 5 million, with projections it will double by 2050. “With an aging Muslim population, there is a growing need for specialized healthcare services like hospice and palliative care,” the team’s research explains. ... Through a qualitative descriptive study with a Muslim patient and 10 family caregivers, the research team identified their perceptions of hospice care, ethical concerns and experiences. Among their varied perceptions, many saw it as useful only in the last hours of life. Participants also had ethical concerns about the use of sedative medication and with cessation of feeding terminally ill patients. Some had concerns about how hospice care might lead to unnecessary interventions or even hasten death. ...  The team is developing an informational resource, Islamic Bioethical Considerations for the End of Life: A Guide for Muslim Americans, to help Muslims who struggle when thinking about death and dying. 

Editorial: Exposing Marin high school students to health care fields is a home run The Tribune, Novato, CA; by The Marin Independent Journal; 12/18/24 Marin high school students interested in health care will soon get the opportunity to get a head start on those career opportunities. A pilot course is being offered this spring for San Marin High School students to introduce them to various careers in this important field. It is a coordinated initiative led by the Marin County Office of Education, the Novato Unified School District and By the Bay Health, the Marin-headquartered hospice program. John Carroll, Marin County superintendent of schools, says the program is designed to introduce juniors and seniors to the diversity of options in the health care field. ... Giving youth in-depth exposure to the field should pay dividends by increasing students' interest in pursuing those careers. "We are optimistic this partnership with MCOE will inspire more students to join the continuum of care - particularly in areas like home-based palliative care, hospice care and home health care," says Skelly Wingard, chief executive officer at By the Bay Health.

A scoping review of end-of-life discussions and palliative care: Implications for neurological intensive care in Latin America and the CaribbeanJournal of Palliative Medicine; Monica M Diaz, Lesley A Guareña, Bettsie Garcia, Christoper A Alarcon-Ruiz, Stella M Seal, Clio Rubinos, Dulce Cruz-Oliver, J Ricardo Carhuapoma; 12/24Palliative care (PC) is essential to improve quality of life for individuals with life-limiting acute neurological conditions, particularly in resource-limited settings. In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), there is limited health care professional training and education on PC. Our review demonstrates a need to improve PC knowledge and access to end-of-life care resources. Regional educational efforts are needed to improve PC knowledge among health care providers who care for patients with acute neurological conditions in LAC. 

Greater education needed to bring palliative care to cancer patients Hospice News; by Jim Parker; 12/18/24 Cancer patients generally need palliative care, but widespread misperceptions often stand in their way, both among the public and many clinicians themselves. This is according to Nadine Barrett, president of the Association of Cancer Care Centers (ACCC). The organization has been holding a series of webinars designed to better educate the oncology community about palliative care. The association is also in the process of studying racial and ethnic gaps in advance care planning, among other projects funded by its research arm, the ACCC Community Oncology Research Institute. Palliative Care News sat down with Barrett to discuss the barriers that cancer patients often experience when it comes to accessing palliative care. [Click on the title's link to read more.]

New NIH-funded program will train ASU students for the future of AI-powered medicine Arizona State University - ASU News; by Richard Harth; 11/26/24 The medical sector is increasingly exploring the use of artificial intelligence, or AI, to make health care more affordable and to improve patient outcomes, but new programs are needed to train engineers and biomedical researchers for this future. A team at Arizona State University has received a $2.35 million award from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to establish just such a pioneering program to train doctoral students to meet these needs. The program will welcome its first cohort of PhD students in the spring of 2025.

Kimberly Duchossois donates $2 million to The HAP Foundation for Palliative Care Education The HAP Foundation - Hospice & Palliative Care Research & Education; by Rachel French; 12/9/24 The HAP Foundation receives a major gift from philanthropist and Board of Trustee Kimberly Duchossois to grow education on palliative care and increase collaboration among health care systems to ensure access to care for all. ... “Ms. Duchossois’ commitment to community and making an impact for families is inspiring and humbling. She has been a leader throughout the health care field and is always willing to listen and lead. With this gift, The HAP Foundation will strengthen our existing palliative care education programming and foster relationships for collaboration among health systems in Illinois." ...

Key differences between palliative and hospice care in California Psychology Today; by Bob Uslander, MD; 12/3/24 ... Key Difference Between Palliative and Hospice Care in California: Whether you’re looking for support early in an illness or need end-of-life care, Californians have resources available to help. California also has some unique programs and resources, such as palliative care programs for people covered by Medi-Cal, California’s Medicaid program. Additionally, California has strict laws to protect patients’ rights, ensuring that people are fully informed about your care options and can make choices that align with your personal values and cultural beliefs. Below are some of the key differences highlighted to help you make the best choice possible for you and your family when the time comes. [Click on the title's link for more information.]Editor's note: Through recent years, too many hospice agencies have eliminated references to end-of-life care, a life-expectancy of six months or less, and references to dying, death, or grief. Various fraud and abuse cases have described that persons/caregivers did not even realize they had signed up for "hospice" care. Ethically, this is untenable. Key differences between palliative and hospice care--with applications to the person--are significant.

How to manage sibling relationships strained by family caregiving AARP; by Christine A. Di Pasquale; 11/25/24 ... Conflict around caregiving is not unusual, especially between sisters, says Megan Gilligan, Ph.D., an associate professor of Human Development & Family Science at the University of Missouri. Gilligan is a co-author of the longitudinal Within-Family Differences Study that looks at understanding the “relationships between parents and their adult children and grandchildren, as well as between siblings in adulthood.” Gilligan and her colleagues found that sisters tend to be more critical of one another than sons when it comes to parental caregiving. “Daughters are raised with a sense of expectation, obligation, of wanting to provide that care and wanting that care to look a certain way,” she explains. “And we found that when multiple daughters were involved in care, maybe sometimes they’re kind of stepping on each other’s toes whereas … sons were more likely to kind of step back and let sisters navigate that,” she says. ... Gilligan suggests that we replace the idea of equality with equity in caregiving. Siblings should ask what the parents want each child to do and then divide that work equitably if not equally in order to reduce sources of stress for the ailing parent and among siblings.

MUSC working to spread awareness about palliative care WCSC 5, Charleston, SC; by Autumn Klein; 11/19/24 The Medical University of South Carolina is prioritizing palliative care education for both MUSC students, faculty and patients. The month of November is recognized as National Hospice and Palliative Care Month. ... Dr. Carrie Cormack is a professor at MUSC and leads the palliative care faculty. She says that treating a patient for the mental and emotional strain that comes with an illness can be just as important as treating the illness itself. ... At MUSC, they are pushing the importance of palliative care education. They are weaving palliative care into the educational curriculum for nursing students while also offering palliative care programs. The palliative care team also works hand in hand with primary care providers. At MUSC, they are even talking with international leaders and traveling internationally to offer palliative care education. Cormack just returned from an international trip offering palliative care education.

Carolina Caring celebrates fourth graduating class of CNA Training and Job Placement Program Focus, Newton, NC; 11/13/24 On the evening of Thursday, October 24th, Carolina Caring recognized the seven graduates of its latest Certified Nurse Aide (CNA) Training and Job Placement Program. ... This state-approved CNA Training Program runs for eight weeks at Carolina Caring’s Newton campus on 3975 Robinson Road. Led by licensed nursing instructors, these courses provide expert hands-on education which prepares students to pass the intensive North Carolina Nurse Aide certification exam. Students receive financial aid throughout the program, and all graduates who successfully complete their certifications are offered positions with Carolina Caring. ... “Carolina Caring blessed me by selecting me for this program and providing me with an opportunity that I otherwise would not have been able to financially invest in at this current moment,” said Allison Ackley, class valedictorian. “They poured into me, and so I’m going to be pouring back into them.”Editor's note from Carolina Caring's website: "In 1979, Carolina Caring was established as one of North Carolina’s original three hospice providers. We were a small group of grassroots volunteers with a mission: to help our parents, grandparents and neighbors walk through their final moments with dignity and respect." We congratulate you on this innovative, mission-driven educational and staffing initiative.

High-risk medications in persons living with dementia-A randomized clinical trialJAMA Internal Medicine; Sonal Singh, MD, MPH; Xiaojuan Li, PhD, MSPH; Noelle M. Cocoros, DSc, MPH; Mary T. Antonelli, PhD, RN, MPH; Ramya Avula, MS; Sybil L. Crawford, PhD; Inna Dashevsky, MS; Hassan Fouayzi, PhD, MS; Thomas P. Harkins, MA, MPH; Kathleen M. Mazor, EdD; Ashley I. Michnick, PharmD, PhD; Lauren Parlett, PhD; Mark Paullin, MS; Richard Platt, MD, MSc; Paula A. Rochon, MD, MPH; Cassandra Saphirak, MA; Mia Si, MS; Yunping Zhou, MS; Jerry H. Gurwitz, MD; 10/24Question: Does a one-time mailed educational intervention to patients and their clinicians reduce prescribing of antipsychotics, sedative-hypnotics, and strong anticholinergic agents in community-dwelling persons living with Alzheimer disease (AD) or AD-related dementias (ADRD)? In this randomized clinical trial of 12,787 patients, there were no clinically meaningful or statistically significant differences from the mailed educational intervention compared with usual care in continued use of medications targeted for deprescribing. These findings suggest medication-specific educational mailings targeting patients with AD or ADRD and their clinicians are not effective in reducing the use of high-risk medications.

A moral code: Ethical dilemmas in medicine — three physicians face crossroads in patient care MedPage Today; podcast by Genevieve Friedman, Perspectives Editor; 10/25/24 We are back for another episode of our medical podcast, which we hope isn't really a podcast about medicine, but a podcast about life, death, dilemma, the challenges, and sometimes the joys of medicine. ... Now, medicine is complicated because a lot of times there aren't hard and fast rules ... One treatment isn't always right or wrong for someone. One surgery isn't always successful or unsuccessful, and one diagnosis isn't always correct. Decisions aren't black and white, they're varying shades of gray. So we come up with principles to help handle this -- codes if you will. But even those get a bit marred by complexity at times. As you'll hear in this episode of Anamnesis with the theme of "A Moral Code: Ethical Dilemmas in Medicine," one of our biggest codes is "do no harm." But what is harm? Who decides what harm is, what happens if we disagree?