Literature Review

Reducing family caregiver burden may prevent 30-day ED readmissions among community-dwelling older adults, study finds McKnights Long-Term Care News; by Foster Stubbs; 9/9/25 Alleviating caregiver burden may reduce returns to the emergency department for older adults up to 30 days after a discharge, according to research published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. The study examined 1409 dyads or duos of community-dwelling patients 65 years or older and their family caregivers. ... [Questions] included items about strain in the caregiver’s role and personal life associated with caregiving. ... "We interpret these findings as evidence that caregiver burden may contribute to a negative care transition, associated with 30-day ED revisits, ..."

Palliative care researchers use qualitative data to understand the full picture of patients' lives St. Jude Research; by Heather Johnson; 8/26/25 The central goal of palliative care is to provide comfort, relieve suffering and improve the quality of life for those dealing with serious illnesses. That care is interdisciplinary. It must be. Quality of life relates to physical, social, emotional, spiritual and psychological needs. Addressing those needs requires teamwork from physicians and clinicians in a range of disciplines. ... Palliative care studies often use mixed methods approaches to capture the full picture of what can be subjective outcomes. For example, scales and surveys may provide a foundation for assessing symptom relief, while qualitative research, such as patient interviews and focus groups, helps researchers understand the meaning behind the numbers.  Editor's Note: Yes. Measures for hospice and palliative success and growth are more than dollar amounts and the number of locations. Pairing qualitative research with quantitative data, researchers and leaders must seek to "understand the meaning behind the numbers." Ongoing, be sure to explore our newsletter's Saturday issues for relevant, timely evidence-based research articles--quantitive and qualitive data--to improve the care of persons who needing hospice and palliative care.

Fed action toward medical journals is “dangerous,” ethicist saysMedscape; by Arthur L. Caplan; 8/26/25Not so long ago, a letter was sent by a federal prosecutor to a journal editor that I think raises issues that ought to be not partisan and not political, but that physicians and physician researchers have to make clear they oppose... [The editor] got this letter that basically said the US attorney was asking, how does your journal handle “misinformation and competing viewpoints,” among other things... This is a fundamental misunderstanding of what journals are about. As I hope all of you watching understand, journals are aimed at medical people, at researchers, and at people who work in healthcare. They’re not the modality for educating the public... Medical journals - whether you read them or whether you use them to disseminate your research, findings, or clinical experience - ought to be removed from government intrusion.

Research study participation, 8/23/25

CMMI’s new strategic direction: Three priorities for successHealth Affairs; by Joshua M. Liao; 8/18/25The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation (CMMI) recently released a new strategy to “Make America Healthy Again.” Broadly, this direction seeks to emphasize prevention, patient engagement, and empowering people to achieve their health goals. [These goals include:]

Research Institute for Home Care and National Alliance for Care at Home ink affiliation agreement National Alliance for Care at Home, Alexandria, VA and Washington, DC; Press Release; 8/20/25 The Research Institute for Home Care (the Institute) and the National Alliance for Care at Home (the Alliance) have entered into an affiliation agreement to strengthen and expand research efforts while further unifying the care at home movement. The agreement is effective immediately. ... With this affiliation, the Institute will remain an independent research organization, ... The Institute’s Board of Directors will continue to independently oversee its research agenda and initiatives. The Alliance will provide comprehensive management support for the Institute’s operations. At the launch of the affiliation, Dr. Steve Landers, CEO of the Alliance, will also serve as the President of the Institute. Jennifer Schiller, the former Executive Director of the Institute, has joined the Alliance leadership team and will continue to support Institute initiatives along with other Alliance leaders. Jennifer Sheets, Founder and CEO of Carezzi, will remain the Board Chairman of the Institute.  

35 years of palliative care progress: What lies ahead for society engagement? Journal of Pain & Symptom Management; by Vilma A Tripodoro, Marie-Charlotte Bouësseau, Stephen Connor, Carlos Centeno; 8/14/25This special article presents a narrative synthesis of key policy milestones, conceptual transitions, and global indicators in the development of palliative care. It contrasts two WHO-endorsed public health models: the 2007 "Umbrella" strategy and the 2021 "House" framework, analysing their complementarities and global relevance. ... The future of global palliative care depends on political will, fair allocation of resources, robust monitoring, and meaningful community participation. ...

Fear of death may undermine hospice care preparedness for future nurses McKnights Long-Term Care News; by Donna Shryer; 8/6/25 A new study from Central South University in China examined the relationship between nursing interns’ attitudes toward death and their attitudes toward hospice care. ... The researchers found that most nursing interns held a “neutral acceptance” view of death, defined in the study as the belief that death is a natural part of life. This attitude was significantly associated with more positive views toward hospice care. ...  The study also reported that interns who held stronger fear-based or avoidance-based death attitudes scored lower on all six hospice care subscales, including communication and family support.

Implementation of the Pressure Injury Prevention Care Bundle at a home based hospice program: A quality improvement project The Texas Medical Center (TMC) Library Health Sciences Resource Center; by Adaeze U. Amechi-fannin; 8/11/25 Pressure injuries remain a common and serious problem in hospice care, especially among patients who are immobile or confined to bed. Although effective prevention methods are known, inconsistent use of these methods, limited caregiver training, and poor documentation have continued to prevent success in many hospice settings. These wounds cause pain, increase infection risk, and reduce quality of life, making prevention especially important in end-of-life care. ... This project demonstrates that combining structured training, evidence-based care steps, and attention to individual patient needs can successfully reduce pressure injuries in home hospice environments.

Study: Most Medicare seniors with advanced cancer still do not receive palliative care McKnights Long-Term Care News; by Donna Shryer; 8/6/25 A large national study of Medicare beneficiaries who died from advanced cancers found that although use of specialty palliative care has increased in recent years, most older adults still don’t receive this kind of care before death. The findings were published July 24, 2025, in JAMA Network Open and based on an analysis of 1.5 million Medicare fee-for-service enrollees who died between 2018 and 2023. In this study, researchers focused on palliative care delivered outside of hospice settings.

Doctors’ own end-of-life choices defy common medical practice Medscape; by Cristina Ferrario; 7/29/25 A new survey revealed that most doctors would decline aggressive treatments, such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), ventilation, or tube feeding for themselves if faced with advanced cancer or Alzheimer’s disease, choosing instead symptom relief and, in many cases, assisted dying. ... The researchers conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1157 physicians, including general practitioners, palliative care specialists, and other clinicians from Belgium, Italy, Canada, the US, and Australia. ... Over 90% preferred symptom-relief medication, and more than 95% declined CPR, mechanical ventilation, or tube feeding. Only 0.5% would choose CPR for cancer and 0.2% for Alzheimer’s disease. Around 50%-54% supported euthanasia in both cases.

Association releases first-ever guideline on use of blood tests to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease McKnights Long-Term Care News; by Donna Shryer; 7/29/25 The Alzheimer’s Association has issued its first clinical practice guideline on the use of blood tests to help diagnose Alzheimer’s disease in people with cognitive impairment. Released at the 2025 Alzheimer’s Association International Conference this week, the guideline establishes performance thresholds that blood-based biomarker tests must meet before they can be used in specialized memory care settings. ... “This is a pivotal moment in Alzheimer’s care,” said Maria C. Carrillo, PhD, the Association’s chief science officer and a guideline co-author. “For the first time, we have a rigorously evidence-based guideline that empowers clinicians to use blood biomarker tests confidently and consistently.”

Targeted palliative care may cut older adults’ risk of readmissions after elective surgeries: study McKnights Long-Term Care News; by Alicia Lasek; 7/27/25 Older adults with serious illness before elective surgery are at double the risk of extended hospital stays, readmissions, emergency department visits and costs, a new study has found. Targeting four key palliative care needs before surgery may help make the recovery period less burdensome for these patients and the healthcare system, the authors say. The study, published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons, looked at seriously ill older surgical patients to see what palliative care interventions might help reduce the need for excess healthcare use post surgery. Among 2,499 older adults undergoing major elective surgery, [researchers reported] 63% were seriously ill, and 79% had four key palliative care needs: