Literature Review

Heart disease tops US mortality in 2024, CDC reports McKnights Long-Term Care News; by Foster Stubbs; 9/12/25 The leading causes of death in the United States in 2024 were heart disease, cancer and unintentional injury, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in a September report. ... In total, there were 3,072,039 total deaths that occurred in the US in 2024 with a death rate of 722.0 per 100,000 people. This was 3.8% lower than the totals in 2023. Death rates also decreased for all race and ethnicity groups but rates for Black people remain higher than those for all other groups. Overall, death rates were highest for males, older adults and Black people, demonstrating a need for further examination of the health of these demographic groups. Heart disease caused 683,037 deaths, cancer caused 619,812 deaths and unintentional injury resulted in 196,488 deaths. Mortality statistics were collected by The National Center for Health Statistics’ (NCHS) National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) using US death certificate data. [The CDC Report is at Vital Statistics Rapid Release, Number 039, September 2025.]

Fulfilling end-of-life dreams: A scoping review of bucket lists in palliative and hospice care Palliative Supportive Care - Cambridge University Press; by Swasati Handique, Michael Bennett and Scott D Ryan; 9/12/25 Results: Four major themes were established using thematic content analysis: (1) impact on holistic well-being, (2) role of family in wish fulfillment, (3) cultivation of gratitude, and (4) collaborative leadership in wish fulfillment. In wish fulfillment, the results significantly pointed to the need for more intricate evaluation among patients and interventions that cover beyond the physical aspect. Significance of results: Palliative and hospice care settings should work toward securing sustainable funding for structured wish-fulfillment programs to address existing accessibility gaps and further enhance the holistic nature of care in these settings. Editor's Note: For hospice organizations that can receive donations, setting up a Wish/Bucket LIst fund makes for a meaningful, easy-to-demonstrate ROI on donated gifts. You need to have some type of discretionary review/approval process in place, with assurances of confidentiality when important to the person and/or family.

Baptist Health Floyd's 'Three Wishes' project provides comfort during end-of-life process FOX WDRB Media, Louisville, KY; Press Release; 9/8/25 Baptist Health Floyd patients and families facing end-of-life decisions now have extra support through the hospital's "Three Wishes" project. Baptist Health Floyd launched the Three Wishes Project a few months ago as a way to ease the burden faced by patients and their families who are nearing the end of their life. The program grants small, meaningful wishes to patients and their families, according to a news release. Baptist Health Floyd ICU RN Makenzie Stiffler, who leads the program, said "it is a way to humanize the death and dying process in ICU (Intensive Care Unit)." 

Benefits and burdens of research participation: A mixed methods systematic review in palliative and end-of-life careJournal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing; by Cara L Wallace, Stephanie P Wladkowski, Ruaa Al-Juboori, Anna Wingo, Kathryn W Coccia, Rebecca Hyde, Verna Hendricks-Ferguson; 8/25Research participation of hospice and palliative care patients and family caregivers is essential to develop and test best practices. Yet, healthcare professionals are often hesitant to ask patients and caregivers to participate in research, fearing it is too intrusive or unethical during a sensitive time. This review focused on the motivating factors, benefits, and burdens of research participation for patients with serious illness and their family caregivers. For clinicians and researchers, connecting patients and caregivers to palliative and end-of-life research may be both beneficial as a contribution to scientific literature and as an additional source of ongoing support.

Reducing family caregiver burden may prevent 30-day ED readmissions among community-dwelling older adults, study finds McKnights Long-Term Care News; by Foster Stubbs; 9/9/25 Alleviating caregiver burden may reduce returns to the emergency department for older adults up to 30 days after a discharge, according to research published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. The study examined 1409 dyads or duos of community-dwelling patients 65 years or older and their family caregivers. ... [Questions] included items about strain in the caregiver’s role and personal life associated with caregiving. ... "We interpret these findings as evidence that caregiver burden may contribute to a negative care transition, associated with 30-day ED revisits, ..."

A culture shift supports disease-specific programs American Nurse; by Elisabeth Rodgers, Kathy Watts, Krissy Feinauer, Lauri Speirs, Jessica Aguilar, and Tessa Watson; 9/8/25 An infrastructure built around a single department leads to success. Takeaways:

How to move a parent with dementia against family resistance—and stay legal Advisorpedia; by Carolyn Rosenblatt; 9/3/25 The phone call came to Dad’s daughter (FD) at 6 AM. Again. This time, it was the night caregiver reporting that her father had fallen while trying to get out of bed. She had jumped up and tried to stop him but she could only get to him in time to break his fall. ... The caregiver was exasperated. She needed more help and SW did not provide it. It was the third incident in two weeks, and FD knew something had to change.

[France] Palliative care for solid organ transplant candidates and recipients: A scoping reviewTransplantation Reviews; by Liesbet Van Bulck, Fiona Ecarnot, Mathilde Giffard; 8/25Solid organ transplant patients experience high morbidity and mortality before and after transplantation. International guidelines recommend integrating palliative care into the management of patients with advanced organ failure, including transplant candidates and recipients, as it supports advance care planning, enhances communication and improves symptom management. This scoping review shows that palliative care for organ transplant has received little attention heretofore.

Reconsidering neuraxial analgesia at end of life: Clinical, ethical, and socioeconomic perspectivesInterventional Pain Medicine; Sanjeet Narang , Jason Yong , David Hao, 9/25Pain is one of the most prevalent and distressing symptoms experienced by patients nearing end of life, particularly among those with cancer. While systemic opioids are the mainstay of treatment, their limitations necessitate consideration of alternative strategies. Neuraxial analgesia, including epidural and intrathecal drug delivery systems, offers targeted pain relief with reduced systemic burden. Yet despite supportive data, these interventions remain underutilized due to clinical, ethical, logistical, and socioeconomic barriers. This article examines the complex decision-making involved in offering neuraxial analgesia at the end of life, weighing risks and benefits, shifting patient goals, and the challenges of care coordination.

Christmas for Lorie: Carmel neighborhood lights up August NBC WTHR-13, Carmel, IN; by Scott Swan; 8/21/25 On a warm August night, Christmas lights are twinkling on a street in Carmel. "One of our favorite traditions on Windbush is to decorate every house as much as possible," said neighbor Emily Clem. We may be 125 days away from Christmas, but for the family in this house, the beauty of the holiday needs to happen now. "When I saw the lights go up last Thursday or Friday, my heart sunk because I knew what it was," said Brady Young, who lives nearby. Lorie Graves, a 50-year-old wife and mom, is on home hospice as she battles ovarian cancer. "We did the Christmas decorations in the front yard because we have a very special neighbor right down the road who is battling cancer," said Shane Best. ... And so did the neighbors.

Why palliative care is more than just end-of-life support MedPageToday's KevinMD.com; by Dr. Vishal Parackal; 9/1/25 ... Palliative care as a system requires strong interpersonal and cross-specialty communication for smooth functioning, as patients may require expert opinions from different fields to optimize their treatment plan. Patient education for systemic follow-ups and establishing a baseline of knowledge regarding their diagnosis and potential danger signs helps create a better environment for holistic care. While we focus on the physical aspects of care and diagnosis, we often fail to realize the psychological and mental impact that such conditions can have on the patient and their family. ... The opportunity to make a meaningful difference in patients’ lives by easing their suffering and enhancing their quality of life is profoundly fulfilling. ... Editor's Note: Excellent descriptions of palliative care.

Palliative care and liver disease: Understanding hepatitis and beyond Ashland LocalTownPages, Aubrey, TX; by Press Services; 9/1/25 Sovereign Hospice, a woman-led hospice care provider serving the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, offers specialized liver disease support programs. The organization also provides targeted hospice home care services and palliative care programs designed specifically for patients facing hepatitis and other advanced liver conditions throughout North Texas.

Improved outcomes and cost with palliative care in the Emergency Department: Case-control studyThe Western Journal of Emergency Medicine; Brandon Chalfin, Spencer M Salazar, Regina Laico, Susan Hughes, Patrick J Macmillan; 7/25This small pilot case-control study included a subset of all patients referred by emergency physicians and hospitalists for palliative care within 24 hours of registration, physically present in the ED. CONCLUSION: Embedding hybrid physicians in the ED significantly shortened hospital stays and reduced charges for seriously ill patients. A notable secondary outcome was that 26.5% of ED visits in the case group did not result in hospital admission, compared to all controls being admitted ... In addition, more cases than controls had a code status of comfort care at discharge ... These findings support the further exploration of integrating such physicians into ED settings to enhance patient care and optimize hospital resources.